Etc/Game Programming
Ⅱ History of Game Genres
seij
2024. 3. 14. 12:00
게임 장르 부분이 어떻게 되어있는지 시험문제
■Genres
Action (1st or 3rd person shooter)
Adventure
Driving
Puzzle
RPG
Space Simulations
Simulations
Sports
Strategy
•Empire building
•Real-time Strategy
Fighters
Horror
Arcade Remakes
Stealth
Playing Perspectives
■First-Person
Popular among action game designers
In 3D shooters, seeing through the shooter’s eyes (DOOM)
■Third-Person
“over-the-shoulder” view (Grand Theft Auto, Lord of the Rings series)
some games allow 1st or 3rd (Need for Speed)
■Top-Down
Camera hovers over playing area
Used by some strategy games (Civilization)
Also used in older games (Zelda)
Isometric top down means camera hovers at an angle (Diablo, The Sims)
■Side-View, also known as “side-scroller”
Supplanted by 3D games
Sonic, Mario Bros., final projects?
■Text-based games
Isometric top down
약간 모양이 기울여져서 마름모 꼴로 표현해서 살짝 입체적으로 보이도록 하는 것
다음에 2차원 게임에서 더 다룰 것
Game Genre
■What Were the Top-Selling Game Genres in 2017?
Console Games
•Shooter (25.9 24.5, 21.7, 20, 21.2, 18.4, 15.9)
•Action (21.9 22.9, 28.2, 31.9, 22.3, 19, 21.7)
•Sport (11.6 13.2, 13.3, 12.7, 15.3, 14.8, 16.3)
•Role-Playing (11.3 11.6, 9.5, 7, 6.5, 7.2, 7.7)
•Adventure (9.1 7.7, 6, 6.9, 8.3, 9.5, 7.5)
•Racing (6.4 4.1, 5.2, 4.6, 5.8, 5.8, 5.8)
•Fighting (6.0 6.7, 6, 3.9, 3.9, 3.7, 3)
•Strategy (4.2 3.8, 4.1, 3.4, 2.3, 2.8, 3.8)
•All Other (3.6)
Family (3.6, 3.3, 3.5, 8.6, 11.0, 9.1)
Casual (0.9, 1.3, 2.3, 3.0, 4.0, 5.2)
Other (0.8, 1.1, 1.2)
Computer Games (2015)
reason? Interface
•Strategy (36.4 37.7, 38.4, 24.9, 27.6, 33.6 )
•Casual (25.8 24.8, 28.3, 26.7, 20.6, 19.5)
•Role-Playing (18.7 20.2, 12.3, 28, 21.1, 20.3)
•Shooter (6.3 6.4, 7.1, 6.2, 13, 9.7)
•Adventure (5.9 4.8, 7.1, 7.1, 9.2, 8.7)
•Action (4.1 2.5, 2.3, 2.1, 2.7, 2.7)
•Flight (0.6 0.7, 0.7, 0.7, 1.6, 1.5)
•Family (0.3 0.7, 0.6, 0.1)
•Racing (0.3 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.7, 0.6)
•Sport (0.2 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.6, 0.9)
•Other (1.3 1.6, 2.3)
요즘은 게임이 장르 구분이 안 된다.
많이 융합된 현황
간단하게 할 수 있는 게임들을 캐쥬얼 게임이라고 한다.
Test 게임플레이 정의부
■Gameplay
Gameplay is the degree and nature of the interactivity that the game includes
•How the player is able to interact with the game-world
•How that game-world reacts to the choices the player makes.
사용자 조작에 따라 반영해서 결과를 다시 보내주는 것
이런 상호작용 관계를 "게임플레이"라고 한다.
video game genres
■Action: run around and shoot things (gameplay with emphasis on combat)
Action-adventure: exploration and usually involve item gathering, simple puzzle solving, and combat
Stealth : "sneakers" or "creepers" to make contrast with the action-oriented "shooter" sub-genre
Survival horror : focus on fear and attempt to scare the player
Ex) Dynasty Warriors , Final Fight
■Action
Ex) Street Fighter series and the Tekken series
Platform: games in which the gameplay involves traveling between platforms by jumping Ex) Mario series
■Action (Shooter)
First-person shooter (FPS) : shooting and combat from the perspective of the character controlled by the player
Ex) Doom , Call of Duty series
Massively multiplayer online first person shooter (MMOFPS) : a genre of Massively multiplayer online games that combines FPS gameplay with a virtual world in which a large number of players may interact over the Internet Ex) World War II Online
Third-person shooter : shooting and combat from a third-person perspective of the character the player is controlling Ex) Grand Theft Auto series and Gears of War
Tactical shooter : tactical play such as planning and teamwork (for example, co-ordination and specialised roles)
Ex) Tom Clancy's Ghost Recon series and the SOCOM series.
Light-gun game : use a pointing device for computers and a control device for arcade and home consoles
Shoot 'em up : emphasis on shooting, and usually simplify other gameplay aspects of in deference to this
시험: 비디오 게임 장르 매번 냈다. 줄긋기 (게임과 장르 줄긋기)
■Adventure : solve puzzles, fight enemies, overcome physical obstacles
Text adventure / Interactive fiction : The player uses a keyboard to enter commands such as "get rope" or "go west" and the computer describes what is happening Ex) Colossal Cave Adventure , Zork
Graphical adventure : begin to supplement and later on replace textual descriptions with visuals (still used text-parsers to input commands) Ex) King's Quest IV
Visual novel : an interactive fiction game featuring mostly static graphics, usually with anime-style art (commonly called dating sims)
Interactive movie : contains pre-filmed full-motion cartoons or live-action sequences, where the player controls some of the moves of the main character Ex) Dragon's Lair, Space Ace and Night Trap
Dialog game : players progress from one level of game play to another depending on what they say. If they answer questions correctly, they progress to the next stage Ex) Law And Order
Interactive movie : 선택에 따라 화면이 바뀌는 게임
Dialog game : 대화형 게임
■Role-Playing Game(RPG) : the participants assume the roles of fictional characters and collaboratively create or follow stories
Action role-playing : a type of computer and console role-playing game which incorporates elements from action games or action-adventure games Ex) Diablo
Massively multiplayer online role-playing (MMORPG) : a genre of online computer role-playing games (CRPGs) in which a large number of players interact with one another in a virtual world Ex) Lineage, World of Warcraft
역할을 맡아서 하는 게임
디아블로, 스타크래프트
■Construction and management simulation : build, expand or manage fictional communities or projects with limited resources
City-building : acts as overall planner or leader to meet the needs and wants of game characters by initiating structures for food, shelter, health, spiritual care, economic growth, etc Ex) SimCity
Economic simulation : simulate an economy or business, with the player controlling the economy of the game
God games : control over the lives of people, anywhere from micromanaging a family to overseeing the rise of a civilization Ex) Populous, SimAnt, SimEarth
신적 존재가 되어 플레이하는 게임
Government simulation : the simulation of the policies, government or politics of a country, but typically excludes warfare Ex)Diplomacy
건설하고 만들고 분류하는 게임
제안된 리소스, 석유나 벽이나 나무들 활용해서 플레이하는 게임
■Life simulation : lives or controls one or more artificial lives
Pet-raising simulation : focus more on the relationship between the player and one or few life forms Ex) Tamagotchi and Nintendogs.
Social simulation : gameplay on the social interaction between game entities Ex) The Sims or any dating sim.
■Vehicle simulation : provide the player with a realistic interpretation of operating various kinds of vehicles.
Flight : the player with flying an aircraft, usually an airplane, as realistically as possible Ex) Microsoft Flight Simulator and X-Plane
Racing : place the player in the driver's seat of a high-performance vehicle and require the player to race against other drivers or sometimes just time Ex) Mario Kart Wii, Gran Turismo and Need For Speed
■Vehicle simulation
Train : simulate the vehicles, environments and often economics associated with railway transport Ex) Microsoft Train Simulator
Vehicular combat : focus on fast-paced action, as the player operates a car or other vehicle and attempts to disable or destroy CPU or human opponents Ex) Spy Hunter
■Strategy : focus on gameplay that requires careful and skillful thinking and planning in order to achieve victory
Real-time strategy (RTS), which are played in a real-time environment Ex) Age of Empires , Command & Conquer, StarCraft and Warcraft
4X : Games defined as 4X usually involve four primary phases: eXplore, eXpand, eXploit, and eXterminate Ex) Civilization II
Video game genres by purpose
■ Advergaming ("advertising" and "gaming") - 광고를 보면서 게임도 하는 것 - 광고가 들어간 게임들
the practice of using video games to advertise a product, organization or viewpoint
■ Exergaming - 운동하면서 하는 게임들 - 닌텐도 switch/will
("exercise" and "gaming")
term used for video games that are also a form of exercise.
Ex) Wii Fit
■ Serious game - 게임인데 심각해, 교육요소가 들어간 게임
intended to educate or train the player
a game designed for a primary purpose other than pure entertainment
■ Casual game - 간단한 규칙, 전략적인 것도 난이도가 낮다.
simple rules or play techniques and a very low degree of strategy.
no long-term time commitment or special skills to play, making them easy to learn and play as a pastime.
■ Sandbox game
a video game with a gameplay element that gives the player a great degree of creativity to complete tasks towards a goal within the game, if such a goal exists.
Ex) Minecraft
Test ★ 중간고사 시험문제
게임플레이, 장르 줄을 그어서 연결하세요 이런 거 많이 내거든요
장르, 슛 이런 거 정리해두시면 좋을 것 같아요.
Action (1st and 3rd person shooters)
Gameplay: run around and shoot things
Adventure
Gameplay: solve puzzles, fight enemies,
overcome physical obstacles
Stealth: A Sub-Genre of Adventure
Gameplay: Remaining Hidden
Fighters
Gameplay: Punch & kick until opponent is defeated
대부분 1대1대전 게임으로 상대방이 넘어질 때까지 하는 게임
Driving
Gameplay: Drive as fast as you can;
stunt driving or run over people for bonus
RPG
Gameplay: Similar to adventure, less emphasis on action, more emphasis on statistical dice rolling to determine outcome
Space Simulations
Gameplay: Fly through space and shoot things
Real Time Strategy (RTS)
Gameplay: Build armies and battle
Empire Building
Gameplay: 4X games: Explore, Expand, Exploit, and Exterminate
Sports
[참조] 비디오게임 메뉴분석
Modern Video Game
The Elements of a Modern Video Game
1.Developer & publisher logo screens
2.Opening animation / cutscene to provide context
3.Game configuration screen
Select control layout
Built-in tutorial
Game type – single or multiplayer
Cheats
Extras
Credits
4.Level or Game prep screen and/or cutscene
Select attributes of your “character”- choose a person or a spaceship.
5.The Game level (save here)
6.The end-of-level cutscene
7.Save game here
8.Repeat from 4.
9.End of game cutscene.
10.Credits
■Trends of Game Industry
미국 게임 시장 (ESA)
대한민국 게임 시장 (KOCCA)